数据科学家
数据科学家使用统计学、机器学习和其他高级方法，在医疗卫生和照护数据中发现规律，并构建帮助服务进行规划、预测和改善照护的模型。典型工作包括预测需求、识别可能受益于早期支持的患者，以及评估服务变更的效果。他们与临床医生和分析师密切合作，并确保模型有效、公平且被安全地使用。
本文由人工智能助手从英文翻译而来，尚未经过母语人士审校。引自英国政府数字与数据专业能力框架（UK GDaD PCF）和 ESCO 的内容保留英文原文。
- 职族
- 数据
- UK GDaD PCF 角色
- Data scientist (Data)
- ESCO 职业
- data scientist (ISCO-08 2511); statistician (ISCO-08 2120)
级别
| 职级 | 角色级别 | UK GDaD PCF 级别 | 英国公务员职等 | 岗位评估分数 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4 | 见习数据科学家 | Trainee data scientist | AO/EO | 276 |
| 5 | 助理数据科学家 | Associate data scientist | EO/HEO | 350 |
| 6 | 数据科学家 | Data scientist | HEO/SEO | 427 |
| 7 | 主任数据科学家 | Principal data scientist | SEO/G7 | 507 |
| 8a | 首席数据科学家 | Lead data scientist | G7/G6 | 560 |
| 8b | 数据科学主管 | Head of data science | G7/G6 | 603 |
在数字医疗卫生组织中
- 支持患者相关决策的模型如果出错或存在偏差就可能造成伤害，因此模型要在其将要使用的人群中进行验证，并评估临床安全。
- 健康数据反映了照护可及性的不平等，因此除非针对每个患者群体衡量并处理偏差，否则模型可能重复或加剧健康不平等。
- 一些模型（例如为诊断或治疗提供信息的模型）可能作为医疗器械受到监管，人工智能法规也可能适用。
- 数据科学通常需要关联的、详细的患者数据，因此工作在安全环境中、使用假名化数据并在商定的信息治理依据下进行。
- 临床医生和患者需要理解和信任模型的输出，因此解释以及用通俗语言传达不确定性很重要。
UK GDaD PCF 角色描述
Data science is a broad and fast-moving field spanning maths, statistics, software engineering and communications. Data scientists will often work as part of a multidisciplinary team, using data and analytics to inform and achieve organisational goals.
In this role, you will:
- be inquisitive
- explore and visualise data
- make recommendations to address complex problems and to inform strategic and operational decision making
- use data ethically and appropriately
- be innovative and adaptable
- explore existing and new data using a range of statistical tools and techniques, such as machine learning and predictive analytics
- find patterns in data and transform them into organisational insight
ESCO 职业与技能
ESCO 列出了雇主对每种职业通常需要（必备）或可能需要（可选）的技能和知识。可将其用作发展谈话的检查清单。
data scientist
Data scientists find and interpret rich data sources, manage large amounts of data, merge data sources, ensure consistency of data-sets, and create visualisations to aid in understanding data. They build mathematical models using data, present and communicate data insights and findings to specialists and scientists in their team and if required, to a non-expert audience, and recommend ways to apply the data.
必备技能和知识（63）
技能与能力
- apply for research funding
- apply research ethics and scientific integrity principles in research activities
- build recommender systems
- collect ICT data
- communicate with a non-scientific audience
- conduct research across disciplines
- deliver visual presentation of data
- demonstrate disciplinary expertise
- design database scheme
- develop data processing applications
- develop professional network with researchers and scientists
- disseminate results to the scientific community
- draft scientific or academic papers and technical documentation
- establish data processes
- evaluate research activities
- execute analytical mathematical calculations
- handle data samples
- implement data quality processes
- increase the impact of science on policy and society
- integrate gender dimension in research
- interact professionally in research and professional environments
- interpret current data
- manage data collection systems
- manage findable accessible interoperable and reusable data
- manage intellectual property rights
- manage open publications
- manage personal professional development
- manage research data
- mentor individuals
- normalise data
- operate open source software
- perform data cleansing
- perform project management
- perform scientific research
- promote open innovation in research
- promote the participation of citizens in scientific and research activities
- promote the transfer of knowledge
- publish academic research
- report analysis results
- speak different languages
- synthesise information
- think abstractly
- use data processing techniques
- use databases
- write scientific publications
知识
- data engineering
- data ethics
- data mining
- data models
- data science
- data visualisation software
- empirical analysis
- information categorisation
- information extraction
- mathematical modelling
- online analytical processing
- quantitative analysis
- query languages
- resource description framework query language
- scientific literature
- statistical modeling techniques
- statistics
- visual presentation techniques
可选技能和知识（34）
技能与能力
- apply blended learning
- create data models
- define data quality criteria
- design database in the cloud
- integrate ICT data
- make data-driven decisions
- manage ICT data architecture
- manage ICT data classification
- manage data
- perform data mining
- teach in academic or vocational contexts
- use spreadsheets software
知识
- Hadoop
- LDAP
- LINQ
- MDX
- N1QL
- SPARQL
- XQuery
- business analytics
- business intelligence
- computational biology
- computer simulation
- data quality assessment
- digital curation
- healthcare analytics
- image recognition
- marketing analytics
- multidisciplinary research
- research design
- scientific computing
- social network analysis
- state estimation
- unstructured data
statistician
Statisticians collect, tabulate, and, most importantly, analyse quantitative information coming from a varied array of fields. They interpret and analyse statistical studies on fields such as health, demographics, finance, business, etc. and advise based on patterns and drawn analysis.
必备技能和知识（50）
技能与能力
- apply for research funding
- apply research ethics and scientific integrity principles in research activities
- apply scientific methods
- apply statistical analysis techniques
- communicate with a non-scientific audience
- conduct quantitative research
- conduct research across disciplines
- demonstrate disciplinary expertise
- develop professional network with researchers and scientists
- disseminate results to the scientific community
- draft scientific or academic papers and technical documentation
- evaluate research activities
- execute analytical mathematical calculations
- gather data
- identify statistical patterns
- increase the impact of science on policy and society
- integrate gender dimension in research
- interact professionally in research and professional environments
- manage findable accessible interoperable and reusable data
- manage intellectual property rights
- manage open publications
- manage personal professional development
- manage research data
- mentor individuals
- operate open source software
- perform data analysis
- perform project management
- perform scientific research
- process data
- promote open innovation in research
- promote the participation of citizens in scientific and research activities
- promote the transfer of knowledge
- publish academic research
- speak different languages
- synthesise information
- think abstractly
- write scientific publications
知识
- data ethics
- data quality assessment
- data science
- mathematical modelling
- mathematics
- quantitative analysis
- research design
- scientific literature
- scientific research methodology
- statistical analysis system software
- statistical modeling techniques
- statistics
其他
可选技能和知识（35）
技能与能力
- advise on financial matters
- advise on legislative acts
- analyse big data
- apply blended learning
- assist scientific research
- build predictive models
- carry out statistical forecasts
- conduct public surveys
- deliver visual presentation of data
- design questionnaires
- develop financial statistics reports
- develop scientific theories
- develop statistical software
- manage database
- manage quantitative data
- plan research process
- prepare lesson content
- present reports
- provide lesson materials
- teach in academic or vocational contexts
- use mathematical tools and equipment
- use spreadsheets software
- write research proposals
知识
Contains ESCO v1.2.1 data (https://esco.ec.europa.eu/). © European Union. Reuse authorised under Commission Decision 2011/833/EU.